What Makes Japanese Castles Unique?
Japanese castles (お城, oshiro) were built mainly between the 15th and 17th centuries. Unlike European castles, they used wood and were often built on hills or surrounded by moats for defense. The tall white towers you often see are called tenshu (天守), and they show the power of the ruling lord.
Many castles were destroyed after the Edo period, but some original ones remain. Others were rebuilt using modern materials but still keep the traditional look.
Today, castles are popular spots to learn about history, see samurai armor, and enjoy seasonal events like cherry blossom festivals.
Popular Castles
Shurijo Castle
Shurijo Castle in Naha, Okinawa, is a UNESCO World Heritage site and the former royal palace of the Ryukyu Kingdom. Despite recent fires, its gates, walls, and exhibitions continue to welcome visitors.
Iwakuni Castle
Iwakuni Castle sits high on Mount Shiroyama, offering sweeping views of Iwakuni and the famous Kintai Bridge. Ride the ropeway to explore its rich history and scenic grounds.
Gifu Castle
Gifu Castle, once home to Oda Nobunaga, crowns Mount Kinka with panoramic views, samurai exhibits, and a rich Sengoku-era legacy.
Karatsu Castle
Karatsu Castle in Saga overlooks Karatsu Bay with views, samurai history, and exhibits on Karatsu ware. A must-see landmark known as Maizuru Castle.
Tsuruga Castle
A symbol of resilience, this samurai-era fortress in Aizuwakamatsu features unique red roof tiles, lush gardens, and panoramic views. Explore its museum to uncover the region's feudal history, from the Boshin War to samurai culture. A must-visit for history and architecture enthusiasts.
Kochi Castle
This well-preserved fortress in Kochi is a remarkable example of original Japanese castle architecture. With a rich history dating back to the 17th century, it offers panoramic views of the surrounding city and mountains. A must-visit for history enthusiasts and those seeking breathtaking scenery.
Marugame Castle
Located in Kagawa, this hilltop fortress boasts impressive stone walls and historical architecture. One of Japan's few remaining castles with its original keep, it offers panoramic views of the surrounding city and Seto Inland Sea. A must-see for history lovers and nature enthusiasts alike.
Matsue Castle
Matsue Castle in Shimane is one of Japan’s last original castles, known for its black façade, Edo-era history, and breathtaking views over Shinji Lake.
Bitchu Matsuyama Castle
Nestled atop a mountain in Okayama, this is Japan's highest surviving original castle, offering panoramic views of the surrounding landscape. Its preserved architecture and tranquil setting create a serene experience, blending history and natural beauty. Perfect for history buffs and nature lovers alike.
Matsuyama Castle
Matsuyama Castle in Ehime is a samurai era fortress with sweeping views, Edo-period architecture, and seasonal charm high above the city.
Uwajima Castle
Uwajima Castle in Ehime is a rare original Edo-period keep with hilltop views of the Uwa Sea, tranquil grounds, and centuries of samurai history.
Himeji Castle
Located in Hyogo, this iconic UNESCO World Heritage Site is celebrated for its brilliant white exterior and intricate feudal-era architecture. Known as the "White Heron Castle" for its elegant design, it offers panoramic views, beautifully preserved interiors, and a glimpse into Japan’s rich samurai history.
Hikone Castle
Located in Shiga Prefecture, this 17th-century National Treasure is one of Japan’s best-preserved castles. Visitors can admire its original wooden structure, panoramic views of Lake Biwa, and beautiful seasonal scenery. The adjacent museum showcases samurai artifacts and the history of the feudal era.
Inuyama Castle
Located in Aichi Prefecture, this National Treasure is one of Japan’s oldest surviving castles. Built in the 16th century, it boasts a rich samurai-era history and breathtaking views of the Kiso River. Visitors can explore its wooden interiors, steep stairs, and enjoy the serene beauty of the surrounding area.
Maruoka Castle
Nestled in Fukui, this historic site is among Japan’s oldest surviving castles. It features timeless architecture, offering a glimpse into the samurai era. In spring, its grounds come alive with cherry blossoms, creating a breathtaking contrast against the castle's rustic stone walls and traditional wooden structure.
Hirosaki Castle
Located in Aomori, this historic Edo-period site boasts a three-story keep, scenic moats, and lush gardens. Renowned for its cherry blossoms in spring, it transforms into a picturesque wonderland, offering visitors a serene and culturally rich experience with its preserved architecture and seasonal beauty.